对越自卫反击战中的中国空军

添加时间：2010.07.26　来源：新华网　浏览：5127　字体：【大中小】

        1979年中央军委为空军制定的作战原则是：敌不用我亦不用，充分做好准备，在边境地区上空巡逻待战；任务是：在中越边境地区加强巡逻警戒，随时准备歼灭入侵之敌，一般不出国作战，同时积极做好支援地面部队作战的准备。

    从2月17日战争开始到3月16日我军全部撤回国内为止，空军歼击航空兵部队共出动飞机3131批8500架次遂行巡逻警戒任务。越南空军慑于解放军空军的强大声势，在开战头三天一直未敢出动，以后虽有起飞，但其作战飞机始终未到我地面部队作战地区上空活动。战区制空权始终为解放军空军掌握。

    同时，侦察航空兵多次出动歼侦-6对越军目标进行照相侦察，为地面部队提供情报；出动各型运输机、直升机375架，飞行680余架次运送人员和作战物资，共运送人员9600余人，物资1400余吨。

    由于解放军空军歼击、强击、轰炸航空兵部队始终是参战未作战，因而也就谈不上空地协同作战问题，虽然战前也制定了计划，组织了协同。

    至于为什么作战航空兵部队没有直接投入战斗，官方的说法是从战略上为了避免战争升级，但更多人则从作战观念保守、空军战斗力不强、没有大规模空地协同作战经验的角度着眼。

    事实上空军是有机会表现下的,如:

    1，3月8日黄昏，驻吴圩机场航空兵第18师独立大队某中队长驾驶歼6甲飞机，在宁明机场指挥所引导下截击越空军一架伊尔14型运输机，当时指挥所领航员给错了接敌转弯的航向，引导位置不利，致使飞行员未能及时发现敌机，后飞行员虽三次发现敌机请示开炮，但因技术故障，联络不通畅，空地讲话互相均未听到，结果失去战机。

    2，2月20日上午8时至10时许，主攻高平的42军124师各部先后攻占490高地和526高地主峰，形成了威逼高平之势后接上级指示，航空兵准备轰炸高平、纳菲，以火力支援该师战斗。所以部队在11时停止了进攻，在前沿摆设布板给空军指示目标。等到13时，空军仍未出动，该师经请示后继续攻击前进。

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